Management plans for mangroves have been around for quite a while, and the outcomes have been different. Mangroves are essential for human use, and management is crucial. The first attempts of management were to only harvest certain sizes and to plant certain trees for their uses.
Several Species have been used in silviculture, mitigation, erosion control and experimentation.
Many of the plantings were for silviculture from as early as 1898 until the 1970's around the world [4]. The species planted were:
Several Species have been used in silviculture, mitigation, erosion control and experimentation.
Many of the plantings were for silviculture from as early as 1898 until the 1970's around the world [4]. The species planted were:
- Rhizophoraceae sp.
- Sonneratia caseolaris
- Avicenniaceae sp.
- Laguncularia racemosa
- Pelliciera rhizophora
- Palmae [4]
History
From 1769 mangroves were forested and a minimum diameter at breast height was 90-100 cm was the management plan until the 1930's. The minimum harvestable diameter was decreased to 7-30 cm due to the misconception that the mature trees were not being exploited. This lasted for about 20 years. The diameter was then again reduced to 16-26 cm. By 1983 the mangroves were over-exploited. Bangladesh banned commercial harvesting in 1994. The relationship between human mortality rates, deforested mangroves, and cyclones was brought to attention in the 1960's [1].
Mangrove Action Project (MAP) has gathered communities, fisherman, Non-Governmental Organizations, scientists, and academia to implement long-term management and encourages sustainable and environmentally friendly development. They use environmental education, networking, workshops, and supports mangrove restoration in their project [10].
